Category: IoT
LoRa – Device Activation Call Flow (Join Procedure) using OTAA and ABP
When a new End Device (LoRa Device) is added to a LoRa network, it should go through an activation process. Through the activation process, both session keys are shared between the […]
LoRa- (Long Range) Network and Protocol Architecture & Frame Structure
LoRa is Long Range ,low data rate, low power wireless platform technology for building IoT network. It uses unlicensed radio spectrum in the Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) bands to enable communication between […]
NB-IOT UE Attach Call Flow Messaging
When a NB-IOT UE accesses a cell, it follows the same principle as for LTE: It first searches a cell on an appropriate frequency. Decode NPSS and NSSS for NCellID. […]
NB-IOT Synchronization Signals (NPSS and NSSS)
The NPSS and NSSS helps UE to synchronize downlink to an NB-IoT cell. These are transmitted in certain subframes based on an 80-ms repetition interval. By synchronizing to NPSS and […]
Citizens Broadband Radio Service, Frequency Spectrum, Operation Modes
Citizens Broadband Radio Service (CBRS) is a 150 MHz wide broadcast band in 3.5 GHz band starting from 3550 MHz to 3700 MHz. The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) regulates interstate and international communications by radio, […]
Citizens Broadband Radio Service Device(CBSD), Its Types and OEMs
Citizens Broadband Radio Service Device(CBSD): As per FCC, an eNodeB which is capable to support CBRS band is referred as Citizens Broadband Radio Service Device. LTE band B42 and B43 […]
Maximum Coupling Loss (MCL) and Maximum Path Loss (MPL)
Maximum Coupling Loss has been chosen by 3GPP as the metric to evaluate coverage of a radio access technology. In theory, it can be defined as the maximum loss in […]
NB IOT Cat. NB1 and Cat. NB2 Devices Comparison
Narrow Band IoT specifications was first introduced in 3GPP release 13 and then further enhanced in 3GPP release 14 with some essential features. Release 13 NB-IoT device category is referred […]
Narrow Band IoT Frame Structure
NB- IoT frame structure is illustrated in below picture. At the highest level, it starts with hyperframe cycle where one hyperframe cycle has 1024 hyperframes and each consisting of 1024 […]
Samsung’s Exynos i S111 a New NB-IoT Modem
Samsung , the world leader in semiconductor and telecommunication has announced its new narrow band IoT (NB-IoT) chip set modem named as, Exynos i S111. Exynos i S111 is an LTE […]