Voice Over NR (VoNR Call Flow)
We are seeing 5G Stand Alone (SA) data services are rolling out throughout the world, it is very much essential for MNOs to provide services such as Voice/Video calls. To […]
5G RAN and 5GC Network Slice Signaling
Network Slicing is considered as one of the key feature by 3GPP in 5G. A network slice can be looked as a logical end-to-end network that can be dynamically created. […]
5GNR 2-Step RACH
In Earlier versions of NR 3GPP Releases i.e. Rel.15, There was only one type of RACH procedure was defined, which is similar to LTE RACH procedure also known as 4-Step […]
Open Midhaul F1 Interface F1-C and F1-U
The F1 interface connects a gNB CU to a gNB DU. This interface is applicable to the CU-DU Split gNB architecture. The control plane of the F1 (F 1-C) allows […]
5G NR Cell Global Identity (NCGI) Planning and Calculations
In 5G, NR Cell Global Identifier (NCGI) is used to identify NR cells globally and similar to ECGI (EUTRA Cell Global Identifier ) in 4G LTE. The NCGI is constructed […]
5G Authentication and Key Management 5G-AKA
Secure communication in any cellular network can be achieved with help of AKA procedure. AKA is Authentication and Key Management procedure which involve mutual authentication between User Device and the […]
Open RAN Management Plane (M-plane) for Open Radio Unit
In ORAN, the O-RU management functions to set parameters are done over the M-Plane. The management functions includes O-RU software management, fault management etc. Regarding this, O-RAN fronthaul specifications prescribe […]
5G NR NSA Mode: UE Network and Radio Capability Enquiry
In any wireless system, for accurate, efficient coordination and intercommunication base station must know the all capability about the UE. The base station enquires the UE Capability and UE report […]
5G NR PRACH Power Control: MSG1 Tx Power – Open Loop Power
In any wireless System, when a device (UE) needs to get access it has to send a signal or preamble (MSG1) to base station (gNB), then energy is needed. One […]
O-RAN Interview Questions
In this post, we have put most asked interview questions about Open RAN/O-RAN in various Telecom Companies/Service Provider who are developing Open RAN systems. What is Open RAN, OpenRAN and […]