5G NR Timing Advance: RAR TA and MAC-CE TA
Timing Advance (TA) is a command sent by Base Station (BS) to UE to adjust its uplink transmission means that the UE sends UL symbols in advance according to command […]
5G NR SCG Failure and Radio Link Failure
For the purpose of Radio Link Failure (RLF), the UE physical layer monitors the downlink radio link quality of the primary cell for indicating out-of-sync / in-sync status indications to […]
IEEE 1588: Precision Time Protocol (PTP) for Telecom Networks
Overview of IEEE 1588 PTP PTP is a network based time synchronization protocol, but instead of millisecond-level synchronization, PTP networks aim to achieve nanosecond or even picosecond-level synchronization. Synchronization is […]
5G NR HO Setup: Handover Testing in Cabled Setup
Handover, or handoff in 5G NR or 4G LTE happens when a Data/Voice call is transferred from one cell to the an adjacent cell as the Mobile user moves through […]
Marvell’s O-RAN Solutions Overview
There one more name to the OEM vendors for O-RAN products and name is Marvell Semiconductors. They announced their 5G O-RAN portfolio with a vRAN platform. Open RAN architectures enable […]
tcpdump for Linux System: A Tool for IP Packet Analysis
In my experience as a protocols test engineer, I have often found issues related to network connectivity, throughput loss, protocol procedure failures, having a challenge to troubleshoot and needs to […]
O-RAN Focus and Technical Work Groups Structure
O-RAN ALLIANCE is on the mission to re-shape the RAN industry towards more intelligent, open, virtualized and interoperable networks. The O-RAN standards are working to enable a more competitive and […]
Iperf : A Tool for Network Testing
Iperf or IP performance is a utility for testing network performance and its tuning. It is a cross-platform (windows, linux) tool which can provide standardized measurement results for any network […]
Open RAN Integration – Where We Today
Open RAN is being deployed by multiple Service Providers around the world. These deployment are large scale deployments in some of the largest countries in the world. In Open RAN […]
O-RAN Distributed Unit (O-DU) Reference Architecture
The O-RAN or Open Distributed Unit (O-DU) is a commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) edge servers that can function as baseband processing unit to handles high PHY layer, MAC and RLC layer […]