Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) in LTE FDD
HARQ stands for Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request. HARQ = ARQ + FEC (Forward Error Correction)/Soft Combining. ARQ refers to Automatic Repeat Request...
Category: Future Network Optimization
5G NSA Option 3.x Deployment Interface BW Calculation
5G NSA 3.x Architecture 5G NR, initial deployments are based on 5G NSA, also known as Option-3. There are multiple...
NFVO Management Function Validation Test Suite
Virtualized Network Functions (VNF) are managed and orchestrated by the NFV MANO through the NFVI. It allows a VNF to...
What is eCPRI, how it contributes to 5G and Open RAN?
The Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI) is an industry cooperation aimed at defining publicly available specifications for the key internal...
5G NR Transmitted Signal Quality : Frequency Error [Fe]
Transmitted signal quality specify how much the transmitted signal deviated from an ideal signal in terms of frequency domain, timer...
5G NR Base Station Classes
3GPP Pico, Micro and Macro Base station 3GPP specification for 5G NR defines the three classes for base station namely,...
Motivation Behind Having Multiple Numerology in 5G NR
Talking about numerology, as we know LTE has single subcarrier spacing equal to 15khz, but here in NR, we have...
5G NR Standardized QoS Identifier (5GQI) to QoS Characteristics Mapping
Standardized 5G QoS Identifier (5QI) values are specified for services that are assumed to be frequently used in 5G networks...
5G NR QoS characteristics
5G QoS characteristics describe the packet forwarding treatment that a QoS Flow receives edge-to-edge between the UE and the UPF...
NB-IoT PRBs (Physcial Resource Blocks) for In-Band Operation
NB-IoT or NB-LTE is a new 3GPP radio-access technology. NB-LTE requires 200 kHz minimum system bandwidth for both downlink and...