Category: Open RAN
5G NAS Mobility Management – 5GMM
At 5GC, NAS Mobility Management (5GMM) procedures are responsible to keep track whereabouts of the UE, UE authentication and control integrity protection and ciphering. The 5GMM procedures also used by […]
5G SA Handover – Inter gNB-DU and Intra gNB-CU Handover
Mobility (Handover) in an important feature in any telecom generation and so it is in 5G. The basic handover procedure remains same as it was in legacy networks, i.e. UE […]
Open RAN Management Plane (M-plane) for Open Radio Unit
In ORAN, the O-RU management functions to set parameters are done over the M-Plane. The management functions includes O-RU software management, fault management etc. Regarding this, O-RAN fronthaul specifications prescribe […]
O-RAN Interview Questions
In this post, we have put most asked interview questions about Open RAN/O-RAN in various Telecom Companies/Service Provider who are developing Open RAN systems. What is Open RAN, OpenRAN and […]
Cloud RAN Orchestration and Management
The Orchestration and management for Cloud RAN (cRAN) is consist of a suite of Orchestration and OSS systems, including AI/ML advanced analytics systems, to automate the end-to-end service lifecycle starting […]
IEEE 1588: Precision Time Protocol (PTP) for Telecom Networks
Overview of IEEE 1588 PTP PTP is a network based time synchronization protocol, but instead of millisecond-level synchronization, PTP networks aim to achieve nanosecond or even picosecond-level synchronization. Synchronization is […]
tcpdump for Linux System: A Tool for IP Packet Analysis
In my experience as a protocols test engineer, I have often found issues related to network connectivity, throughput loss, protocol procedure failures, having a challenge to troubleshoot and needs to […]
O-RAN Focus and Technical Work Groups Structure
O-RAN ALLIANCE is on the mission to re-shape the RAN industry towards more intelligent, open, virtualized and interoperable networks. The O-RAN standards are working to enable a more competitive and […]
Open RAN Integration – Where We Today
Open RAN is being deployed by multiple Service Providers around the world. These deployment are large scale deployments in some of the largest countries in the world. In Open RAN […]
O-RAN Distributed Unit (O-DU) Reference Architecture
The O-RAN or Open Distributed Unit (O-DU) is a commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) edge servers that can function as baseband processing unit to handles high PHY layer, MAC and RLC layer […]